Similar to a family tree, you can use a genogram to study relationships between different individuals. Let’s see some of the places where a genogram is used: There are many types of genograms that all have different applications. In short, genogram is a pictorial representation of a family showing relationships, dependencies, medical history, and psychological patterns. A genogram will help you list the family members and their relationships, medical history, and emotional connections. Then type the title of the figure in sentence case.A genogram is an advanced version of a family tree that is slightly less complex and easy to understand. These elements appear below the visual display. (See examples above.) Captions and Legendsįor figures, make sure to include the figure number and a title with a legend and caption. Use circles and squares to distinguish curves on a line graph (at the same font size as the other labels). The font size must be between eight and fourteen point. The text in a figure should be in a san serif font (such as Helvetica, Arial, or Futura). The height of figures should not exceed the top and bottom margins. Two-column figures must be between 4.25 and 6.875 inches wide (10.6 to 17.5 cm). Figures of one column must be between 2 and 3.25 inches wide (5 to 8.45 cm). The APA has determined specifications for the size of figures and the fonts used in them. Design improperly, or amateurishly, done draws the reader’s attention from the data, and makes him or her question the author’s credibility. Design properly done is inconspicuous, almost invisible, because it supports communication. While three-dimensional effects, shading, and layered text may look interesting to the author, overuse, inconsistent use, and misuse may distort the data, and distract or even annoy readers. Avoid the temptation to use the special effects available in most advanced software packages. In preparing figures, communication and readability must be the ultimate criteria. This figure shows an example of a photograph. On the other hand, when the dots are scattered randomly, no correlation is seen.įigure 7. When the dots cluster together, a correlation is implied. ![]() Scatter plots are composed of individual dots that represent the value of a specific event on the scale established by the two variables plotted on the x- and y-axes. Spreadsheet programs, such as Microsoft Excel, can generate the graphs for you. For more details and specifics on what kind of information, relations, and meaning can be expressed with the different types of graphs, consult your textbook on quantitative analysis. The most common forms of graphs are scatter plots, line graphs, bar graphs, pictorial graphs, and pie graphs. Graphs are good at quickly conveying relationships like comparison and distribution. Have the files been produced at a sufficiently high resolution to allow for accurate reproduction?Īs tables supplement the text, so should each figure.Are the figures being submitted in a file format acceptable to the publisher?.Have all substantive modifications to photographic images been disclosed?.Has written permission for print and electronic reuse been obtained? Is proper credit given in the figure caption?.Are the figures numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals?.Are parallel figures or equally important figures prepared according to the same scale?.Are the magnitude, scale, and direction of grid elements clearly labeled?.Are all elements of the figure clearly labeled?.Is the figure title descriptive of the content of the figure?.Is the figure simple, clean, and free of extraneous detail?.Figuresįigure Checklist (Taken from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed., Section 5.30) The equivalent APA 7 page can be found here. It will remain online until 2021, but will not be updated. Note: This page reflects APA 6, which is now out of date. For more information, please consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, (6 th ed., 2 nd printing). ![]() This resource, revised according to the 6 th edition, second printing of the APA manual, offers examples for the general format of APA research papers, in-text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. Suggested Resources Style Guide Overview MLA Guide APA Guide Chicago Guide OWL ExercisesĪPA (American Psychological Association) style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences.
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